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dc.contributor.authorKumar, Sushil-
dc.contributor.authorSharma, Vishakha-
dc.contributor.authorChaudhary, Swati-
dc.contributor.authorTyagi, Anshika-
dc.contributor.authorMishra, Poonam-
dc.date.accessioned2014-06-11T04:18:51Z-
dc.date.available2014-06-11T04:18:51Z-
dc.date.issued2012-
dc.identifier.citationJ. Genet., 91(1): 33-47en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/254-
dc.description.abstractTime to flowering in the winter growth habit bread wheat is dependent on vernalization (exposure to cold conditions) and exposure to long days (photoperiod). Dominant Vrn-1 (Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1) alleles are associated with vernalization independent spring growth habit. The semidominant Ppd-D1a mutation confers photoperiod-insensitivity or rapid flowering in wheat under short day and long day conditions. The objective of this study was to reveal the nature of interaction between Vrn-1 and Ppd-D1a mutations (active alleles of the respective genes vrn-1 and Ppd-D1b). Twelve Indian spring wheat cultivars and the spring wheat landrace Chinese Spring were characterized for their flowering times by seeding them every month for five years under natural field conditions in New Delhi. Near isogenic Vrn-1 Ppd-D1 and Vrn-1 Ppd-D1a lines constructed in two genetic backgrounds were also phenotyped for flowering time by seeding in two different seasons. The wheat lines of Vrn-A1a Vrn-B1 Vrn-D1 Ppd-D1a, Vrn-A1a Vrn-B1 Ppd-D1a and Vrn-A1a Vrn-D1 Ppd-D1a (or Vrn-1 Ppd-D1a) genotypes flowered several weeks earlier than that of Vrn-A1a Vrn-B1 Vrn-D1 Ppd-D1b, Vrn-A1b Ppd-D1b and Vrn-D1 Ppd-D1b (or Vrn-1 Ppd-D1b) genotypes. The flowering time phenotypes of the isogenic vernalization-insensitive lines confirmed that Ppd-D1a hastened flowering by several weeks. It was concluded that complementary interaction between Vrn-1 and Ppd-D1a active alleles imparted super/very-early flowering habit to spring wheats. The early and late flowering wheat varieties showed differences in flowering time between short day and long day conditions. The flowering time in Vrn-1 Ppd-D1a genotypes was hastened by higher temperatures under long day conditions. The ambient air temperature and photoperiod parameters for flowering in spring wheat were estimated at 25°C and 12 h, respectively.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipGrateful thanks are due to A. K. Tyagi, the Director of the institute, for reading the draft manuscript and making valuables suggestions and for providing facilities, to the Indian National Science Academy and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for the grant of Scientistship schemes to SK and to the SKA Institution for Research, Education and Development and CSIR for grant of fel- lowship to VS and SC, respectively.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherIndian Academy of Sciencesen_US
dc.subjectphotoperiod-insensitivityen_US
dc.subjectPpdD1 geneen_US
dc.subjectIndian spring wheaten_US
dc.subjectsuper-early wheatsen_US
dc.subjectvernalization-insensitivityen_US
dc.subjectvrn1 geneen_US
dc.titleGenetics of flowering time in bread wheat Triticum aestivum: complementary interaction between vernalization-insensitive and photoperiod-insensitive mutations imparts very early flowering habit to spring wheaten_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.date.AcceptedDate14 February 2012en_US
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